VOLCANOE EXPERIMENT

Aim: My aim is to make a volcano that can erupt.

Method:

1. Put the bottle in the middle of the container.
2. Then sellotape the plastic bottle onto the container
3. Get your scrap paper and scrunch it up, then sellotaping it to the bottle into a volcano shaped like a figure
4. Get flour+water to form a paper mache glue.
5. Plaster the whole volcano
6. Paint it adding texture to the volcano.
7. Add the chemical to make the eruption.

Equipment:

1. Ice cream lid
2. Plastic bottle (SK)
3. Sellotape (SK)
4. Scrap paper (SK)
5. Flour/Water
6. Plaster
7. Paint
8. KI+H2O

OBSERVATION:

The volcano erupts, but it did not blow up that big.

RESULT:

The result was the volcano erupt and ash came out of the volcano.

TOMORROW WHEN THE WAR BEGAN.

RESEARCH - Research author John Marsden. Who was he and why was he inspired to write Tomorrow, When the War Began. What other books has he written? Present your information in a poster, slideshow or video.

JOHN MARSDEN: He is an Australian writer, teacher, and principal and he was the one that writesTOMORROW WHEN THE WAR BEGAN.  He was detailing the invasion and occupation of Australia by a foreign country. JOHN MARSDEN was inspired to write TOMORROW WHEN THE WAR BEGAN while watching an ANZAC DAY march. A large number of teenagers were in attendance, paying respect to the sacrifices made by the past generation. He wondered how they might react if they were placed in the same position that their grandparents were at their age. The novels are related from the first person perspective by Ellie Linton, a teenage girl, who is part of a small band of teenagers waging a guerrilla war on the enemy soldiers in the region around their fictional hometown of   Wirrawee and he has written many books which are THE DEAD OF THE NIGHT, SO MUCH TO TELL YOU, THE THIRD DAY, THE FOREST, THE OTHER SIDE OF DAWN, THE NIGHT IS FOR HUNTING, DARKNESS BE MY FRIEND, BURNING FOR REVENGE, and many other books.    

VOCABULARY - Find the meanings of the following words, write the meaning using your own words. Manslaughter, Aggravated, Guerillas, Interject, Smug, Vicious, Emphatically, Scuffle, Sideswipe, Elated

Manslaughter: the crime of killing a human begin without aforethought, or in circumstances not amounting to murder, for example, killing a person on purpose.

&amBSP bsp;Aggravated: The definition of aggravated is something that intensifies or worsen something like a condition or circumstance. Carrying a gun while committing a burglary is an example of aggravated burglary and carries with it a more severe penalty.

*Guerillas: Being part of a small group that takes part in anything around them which includes fighting and more, good and bad.

 *Interject: When you say something out of nowhere in the middle of a conversation every now and then. For example, she interjected saying a weird question.

 *Smug: When you know you will win a certain sport and you will, which smug is the feeling you get afterward, feeling superior/powerful For example, he felt smug after winning the championship

 *Vicious: Being violent to anything that is being done. For example, she was vicious while playing basketball

 *Emphatically: To do something in a forceful way or clearly. 

 *Scuffle: confused fight or struggles at close quarters. An act of sound moving in a hurried

 *Sideswipe: Strike with a glancing blow.

 *Elated: To make someone ecstatically happy.

VOLCANOES

1.  what are the types of volcanoes?

• Cinder Cone Volcanoes
• Composite Volcanoes
• Shield Volcanoes
• Lava Domes Volcanes

2.  What are the top 10 most active volcanoes in the world?

• Eyjafjallajokull, Iceland

• Mount Vesuvius, Italy

• Sakurajima, Japan

• Mount Merapi, Indonesia

• Mount Nyiragongo, D.R of Congo 

• Ulawan, Papua New Guinea

• Taal Volcanoes, Philippines

•  Mauna Loa, Hawaii

• Galeras, Colombia

• Santa Maria, Guatemala

3. What are the 5 biggest ever eruptions?

1. Mount Tambora: This is one of Indonesia's hundred-plus active volcanoes. It's eruption in 1815 rocked the world with after-effects. It caused disease and harmed the growth of crops in the surrounding regions, and caused climate change as far away as North America. It killed over 90,000 people.

2. Mount Krakatoa: Another of Indonesia's volcanoes, its eruption in 1883, killed over 35,000 people mainly due to resulting tsunamis. There was a series of extremely violent explosions over a few months and the biggest could be heard more than 2,000 miles away in Australia.

3. Mount Pelee: The worst volcanoes disaster of the 20th century is considered to be the eruption of Mount Pelee in 1902. It was on the Island of Martinique in the Caribbean and it killed 30,000 people.

4. Mount Ruiz: Mount Ruzi is in Columbia, South America, had two destructive eruptions in 1985. A mixture of mud, ash, and water raced down and the volcanoes slope through river channels. The Mud almost totally buried a town 30 miles from the volcanoes, killing around 25,000 people

5. Mount Vesuvius: In Italy AD 79, this volcano devastated the nearby cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Thousands of people thought to have died and the remain of many people was preserved by the ash. Since then, it has erupted several times, mostly in 1944.

4. What supervolcanoes could eruptions in the future?

• It is said that Yellowstone is most likely to be the one that might erupt in the future because it is one of the biggest volcanoes in the world and it can kill 87,000 people immediately. If the supervolcano underneath Yellowstone ever had another massive eruption, it could spew ash for thousands of miles across the United States, damaging building, smothering crops, and shutting down the power plants.

 

5. What happens during the eruption?

• When magma reaches the earth's surface it is called lava. It may pour out in gentle streams called lava flows or erupt violently into the air. Rocks ripped loose from the inside of the volcano or torn apart by the gas may be shot into the air with the lava. These rocks blown out of a volcano are called pyroclastic rocks.

6. Does the sun have any effects on volcanism?

• In the climate model, both the reduced output from the sun and the increased amount of volcanic aerosols (fine particles which reflect sunlight away from the Earth and which are injected into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptions) contribute a sizeable amount to the Northern Hemisphere cooling seen in temperature reconstructions. Their relative importance depends upon uncertain estimates of exactly how much each changed relative to a century later.
  

TOMORROW WHEN THE WAR BEGAN ( TEWENTY ONE)

1. What is it that primarily attracts Fi to Homer?

• Fi said is like two people, he is shy with her but confident with other people.

 2. What are Fi’s intentions regarding Homer?

• She wants to learn about farming so when they marry she can help him heaps.

3. Why does this surprise, Ellie?

• Because Fi seemed delicate and timid but she also has a determination that Ellie never recognizes. 

4.  How do Ellie and Fi feel as they are leaving the scene on their motorbikes? Are these realistic feelings?

• Ellie hearing Fi plea for her made her feel like Fi needed her, and that she was important to her.

5.  Why do you think the group decided to blow up the bridge?

• So that there was no way for the solider to move across the whole nation with their nation.

6.  How is this exploit different from the other exploits the group has been on?

• This is way more dangerous than anything they have ever done because whatever they can do could harm one another.

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TOMORROW WHEN THE WAR BEGAN (CAHPTER TWENTY)

1. Why is Ellie nervous about being paired with Fi?

• Ellie was nervous because Fi had improved heaps in that respect, but she was still kind of hesitant,  like Fi might get frozen when they are going to do their plan.

2.  What is true courage according to Ellie?

• it when you're really scared but you still want to do it.

3. Were her concerns about Fi realized? Explain.

• No, her concerns weren't realized because Fi did none of those.

 4. What is a clue that Fi’s relationship with Homer is becoming serious?

• When Fi whispered love you to Homer and Homer said I love you back.

5. What problems do Fi and Ellie encounter on their mission to bring the tanker to the appropriate place under the bridge? How do they deal with these problems

• -The continuous beeping sounding of the red warning brake light started flashing.
• -When they saw the patrol
• - When Ellie was too scared to crash the truck into the fence.
• -When Ellie reversed too quickly making the truck hit into the stanchion

How they solve it

• -Ellie soon realised that they were air brakes and they had to build up pressure for the beeping to stop.
• -The hid in a family garden
• - She finally built up the courage to do it.
• -They just re-tried.

TOMORROW WHEN THE WAR BEGAN (CHAPTER NINETEEN)

1. What makes Ellie think the soldiers walking past them are professionals?

• When the soldier's reacted as though someone has pressed a button in their backs and they were very frighteningly efficient on what they were doing. They leaped around, spread out in a wide line threw themselves around.

 2. What do the soldiers fire at in the bushes?

• they were firing at a rabbit and they did it for fun cause they were board.

3. What are some clues that the group is starting to think ‘more like soldiers’?

• they are taking orders from one person and the way Ellie and Homer were thinking were very clever and smart and Homer way taking note of little details of everything at every corner.

4.  Do you think Homer’s plan will work? What problems do you think they might encounter?

• yes, Homer's plan will work but the problem is the cattle they might do the wrong thing like they have their own mind or they might move at the wrong position and Ellie driving the tanker she has to be more careful when she gets out and she might get seen while driving that big tank truck.

5. What does Homer suggest they do when the group goes up to the Heron?

• Homer wanted to have a look at something on the Heron so he can think of a plan/idea. They are going to drive the truck under the bridge then Homer is going to shock the cattle so they speed up through the bridge.

6. What are his strategies to put his plan into action?

• They are going to muster the cows then herd the cows in the direction they want them to go. The cows are a distraction for the soldiers.

TOMORROW WHEN THE WAR BEGAN (CHAPTER EIGHTEEN)

1. What does Ellie find primarily attractive about Lee?

• Lee's mind was very intelligent, sensitive face, and the security that she felt with him.

2. Who is she attracted to physically?

• Ellie is more attractive to Homer than she is to Lee.

3. What are the group's options according to Homer?

• One sits tight and does nothing and there is nothing chicken about that.
• Two have a go at getting their family and maybe other people out of the Showground.
• Three they can do something else to help the good guys which is them.
• And other options was to move somewhere else or surrendering.

4. What do they decide to do and why?

• Go to Cobbler's bay and they also decided to blow the road up because that may make them safe cause they did not want to kill people they want to help the good guys.

TOMORROW WHEN THE WAR BEGAN (CHAPTER SEVENTEEN)

1. Why does Ellie feel uncomfortable with Chris bringing cigarettes and alcohol into Hell?

• Because she thinks they weren't as essential as the other things were knocked off and they were still underage and he was not serious about the war.

2. What is meant by a ''clean war''? Why are the invaders so intent on having a 'clean war'?

• Because they think they figure out that if there's no talk of concentration camps and torture and rape and stuff, there is less chance of countries like America getting involved.

3. What happens to the soldiers involved in the lawnmower incident, according to Robyn? How does this make Ellie feel?

• two of them died and two of the people they ran over, this made Ellie felt a little bit nervous and she was shocked but then she felt okay when Chris said that it's different from movies.

4. Why do you think the prisoners are sent to clean up the houses around town?

• they were sent to clean out moldy food, and dead pets and to pick up valuables, like jewelry and if they left something valuable behind their family back at the showground will be punished.

5. What does Kevin want to bring into Hell by way of livestock? Do you think his idea is a good one? Why/Why not.

• Kevin wants to bring ferrets into hell because he doesn't want to be a vegetarian and it's a way to keep on meat. This is a good idea because he is thinking about food and types of animals they could eat and how easy it is to train ferrets.